coleta autorizada de pesquisa acadêmica com resolução de CAPTCHA

Bancos de dados acadêmicos e portais de periódicos usam CAPTCHAs para limitar o acesso automatizado. Os pesquisadores que realizam revisões de literatura, análises bibliométricas e metaestudos precisam coletar dados dessas fontes em grande escala. CaptchaAI lida com os desafios CAPTCHA automaticamente.

Fontes Acadêmicas e CAPTCHAs

Coletor de dados de citação

import requests
import time
import re
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import csv

CAPTCHAAI_KEY = "YOUR_API_KEY"
CAPTCHAAI_URL = "https://ocr.captchaai.com"


def solve_captcha(method, sitekey, pageurl, **kwargs):
    data = {
        "key": CAPTCHAAI_KEY, "method": method,
        "googlekey": sitekey, "pageurl": pageurl, "json": 1,
    }
    data.update(kwargs)
    resp = requests.post(f"{CAPTCHAAI_URL}/in.php", data=data)
    task_id = resp.json()["request"]
    for _ in range(60):
        time.sleep(5)
        result = requests.get(f"{CAPTCHAAI_URL}/res.php", params={
            "key": CAPTCHAAI_KEY, "action": "get",
            "id": task_id, "json": 1,
        })
        r = result.json()
        if r["request"] != "CAPCHA_NOT_READY":
            return r["request"]
    raise TimeoutError("Timeout")


class AcademicScraper:
    def __init__(self, proxy=None):
        self.session = requests.Session()
        if proxy:
            self.session.proxies = {"http": proxy, "https": proxy}
        self.session.headers.update({
            "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) "
            "AppleWebKit/537.36 Chrome/126.0.0.0 Safari/537.36",
            "Accept-Language": "en-US,en;q=0.9",
        })

    def search_papers(self, search_url, query, max_pages=10):
        """Search academic database for papers matching query."""
        all_papers = []

        for page in range(max_pages):
            url = f"{search_url}?q={query}&start={page * 10}"
            resp = self.session.get(url, timeout=30)

            # Handle CAPTCHA
            if self._has_captcha(resp.text):
                resp = self._solve_and_retry(resp.text, url)

            papers = self._parse_results(resp.text)
            if not papers:
                break  # No more results

            all_papers.extend(papers)
            print(f"Page {page + 1}: {len(papers)} papers")
            time.sleep(5)  # Respectful delay

        return all_papers

    def get_paper_details(self, paper_url):
        """Get detailed metadata for a single paper."""
        resp = self.session.get(paper_url, timeout=30)

        if self._has_captcha(resp.text):
            resp = self._solve_and_retry(resp.text, paper_url)

        soup = BeautifulSoup(resp.text, "html.parser")
        return {
            "title": self._safe_text(soup, "h1, .article-title"),
            "authors": self._safe_text(soup, ".authors, .author-list"),
            "abstract": self._safe_text(soup, ".abstract, #abstract"),
            "doi": self._safe_text(soup, ".doi, [data-doi]"),
            "journal": self._safe_text(soup, ".journal-name, .publication"),
            "year": self._safe_text(soup, ".pub-date, .year"),
            "citations": self._safe_text(soup, ".citation-count, .cited-by"),
        }

    def export_to_csv(self, papers, filename):
        """Export collected papers to CSV."""
        if not papers:
            return
        keys = papers[0].keys()
        with open(filename, "w", newline="", encoding="utf-8") as f:
            writer = csv.DictWriter(f, fieldnames=keys)
            writer.writeheader()
            writer.writerows(papers)
        print(f"Exported {len(papers)} papers to {filename}")

    def _has_captcha(self, html):
        return any(tag in html.lower() for tag in [
            'data-sitekey', 'g-recaptcha', 'cf-turnstile',
        ])

    def _solve_and_retry(self, html, url):
        match = re.search(r'data-sitekey="([^"]+)"', html)
        if not match:
            return self.session.get(url)

        sitekey = match.group(1)
        if 'cf-turnstile' in html:
            token = solve_captcha("turnstile", sitekey, url)
            return self.session.post(url, data={"cf-turnstile-response": token})
        else:
            token = solve_captcha("userrecaptcha", sitekey, url)
            return self.session.post(url, data={"g-recaptcha-response": token})

    def _parse_results(self, html):
        soup = BeautifulSoup(html, "html.parser")
        papers = []
        for item in soup.select(".gs_r, .search-result, article.result"):
            title_el = item.select_one("h3 a, .result-title a")
            if title_el:
                papers.append({
                    "title": title_el.get_text(strip=True),
                    "url": title_el.get("href", ""),
                    "snippet": self._safe_text(item, ".gs_rs, .abstract-snippet"),
                    "authors": self._safe_text(item, ".gs_a, .author-info"),
                })
        return papers

    def _safe_text(self, soup, selector):
        el = soup.select_one(selector)
        return el.get_text(strip=True) if el else ""


# Usage — Literature review
scraper = AcademicScraper(
    proxy="http://user:pass@residential.proxy.com:5000"
)

papers = scraper.search_papers(
    "https://scholar.example.com/scholar",
    query="machine learning CAPTCHA solving",
    max_pages=5,
)

# Get details for top papers
detailed = []
for paper in papers[:20]:
    if paper["url"]:
        detail = scraper.get_paper_details(paper["url"])
        detailed.append(detail)
        time.sleep(3)

scraper.export_to_csv(detailed, "literature_review.csv")

Análise Bibliométrica

def bibliometric_analysis(scraper, seed_papers, depth=2):
    """Follow citations to build a citation network."""
    visited = set()
    network = []

    def _crawl(paper_url, current_depth):
        if current_depth > depth or paper_url in visited:
            return
        visited.add(paper_url)

        try:
            details = scraper.get_paper_details(paper_url)
            network.append(details)

            # Follow "cited by" links
            resp = scraper.session.get(f"{paper_url}/citations", timeout=30)
            if scraper._has_captcha(resp.text):
                resp = scraper._solve_and_retry(resp.text, f"{paper_url}/citations")

            citations = scraper._parse_results(resp.text)
            for cite in citations[:5]:  # Limit breadth
                if cite["url"]:
                    _crawl(cite["url"], current_depth + 1)
                    time.sleep(3)

        except Exception as e:
            print(f"Error crawling {paper_url}: {e}")

    for paper in seed_papers:
        _crawl(paper["url"], 0)

    return network

Limitação de taxa para sites acadêmicos

Sites acadêmicos banem IPs rapidamente. Use atrasos conservadores.

Solução de problemas

Perguntas frequentes

A raspagem de bancos de dados acadêmicos é permitida?

Os metadados públicos (títulos, autores, resumos) são geralmente acessíveis. O acesso ao texto completo depende do licenciamento. PubMed suporta explicitamente o acesso programático por meio de sua API E-utilities. Sempre prefira APIs oficiais quando disponíveis.

Como evito ser bloqueado no Google Acadêmico?

Use atrasos de 10 a 15 segundos entre as solicitações, alterne os proxies residenciais e limite a 50 consultas por hora. O Scholar é agressivo ao bloquear o acesso automatizado.

Posso usar CaptchaAI com procuração institucional?

Sim. Configure seu proxy institucional para a sessão de navegação e CaptchaAI para resolução de CAPTCHA – eles funcionam de forma independente.

Guias Relacionados

• Proxies residenciais rotativos
• A qualidade do proxy afeta a taxa de resolução

Acelere sua revisão da literatura -obtenha sua chave CaptchaAIe automatizar a coleta de dados acadêmicos.