Monitoramento de tarifas de viagem com tratamento CAPTCHA

Os sites de reservas de viagens bloqueiam agressivamente verificações automatizadas de tarifas com CAPTCHAs e detecção de bots. CaptchaAI permite monitorar preços de voos e hotéis de maneira confiável por meio dessas defesas.

Paisagem CAPTCHA em sites de viagens

Implementação do Monitor de Tarifas

import requests
import time
import re
import json
import os
from datetime import datetime, timedelta

API_KEY = os.environ["CAPTCHAAI_API_KEY"]


def solve_captcha(params):
    params["key"] = API_KEY
    resp = requests.get("https://ocr.captchaai.com/in.php", params=params)
    if not resp.text.startswith("OK|"):
        raise Exception(f"Submit: {resp.text}")

    task_id = resp.text.split("|")[1]
    for _ in range(60):
        time.sleep(5)
        result = requests.get("https://ocr.captchaai.com/res.php", params={
            "key": API_KEY, "action": "get", "id": task_id,
        })
        if result.text == "CAPCHA_NOT_READY":
            continue
        if result.text.startswith("OK|"):
            return result.text.split("|", 1)[1]
        raise Exception(f"Solve: {result.text}")
    raise TimeoutError()


class FareMonitor:
    def __init__(self):
        self.session = requests.Session()
        self.session.headers["User-Agent"] = (
            "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) "
            "AppleWebKit/537.36 Chrome/120.0.0.0"
        )
        self.history = []

    def fetch_with_captcha(self, url):
        """Fetch a travel page, solving CAPTCHAs if encountered."""
        resp = self.session.get(url)

        # reCAPTCHA v2/v3
        match = re.search(
            r'data-sitekey=["\']([A-Za-z0-9_-]+)["\']', resp.text
        )
        if match:
            site_key = match.group(1)

            # Detect v3 vs v2
            if "recaptcha/api.js?render=" in resp.text:
                token = solve_captcha({
                    "method": "userrecaptcha",
                    "googlekey": site_key,
                    "pageurl": url,
                    "version": "v3",
                    "action": "search",
                })
            else:
                token = solve_captcha({
                    "method": "userrecaptcha",
                    "googlekey": site_key,
                    "pageurl": url,
                })

            resp = self.session.post(url, data={
                "g-recaptcha-response": token,
            })

        # Cloudflare Turnstile
        if "cf-turnstile" in resp.text:
            match = re.search(
                r'data-sitekey=["\']([^"\']+)', resp.text
            )
            if match:
                token = solve_captcha({
                    "method": "turnstile",
                    "sitekey": match.group(1),
                    "pageurl": url,
                })
                resp = self.session.post(url, data={
                    "cf-turnstile-response": token,
                })

        return resp.text

    def check_fares(self, routes):
        """Check fares for a list of routes."""
        results = []
        for route in routes:
            try:
                html = self.fetch_with_captcha(route["url"])
                prices = self._extract_prices(html)

                result = {
                    "route": f"{route['origin']}-{route['destination']}",
                    "date": route["date"],
                    "prices": prices,
                    "min_price": min(prices) if prices else None,
                    "timestamp": datetime.utcnow().isoformat(),
                }
                results.append(result)
                self.history.append(result)

                if prices:
                    print(f"  {result['route']} ({route['date']}): "
                          f"${min(prices)}-${max(prices)}")
                else:
                    print(f"  {result['route']}: No prices found")

                time.sleep(3)  # Respectful delay

            except Exception as e:
                print(f"  {route.get('origin', '?')}-"
                      f"{route.get('destination', '?')}: ERROR - {e}")

        return results

    def _extract_prices(self, html):
        """Extract prices from travel page HTML."""
        prices = []
        # Common price patterns
        for match in re.finditer(
            r'\$\s*([\d,]+(?:\.\d{2})?)', html
        ):
            price = float(match.group(1).replace(",", ""))
            if 20 < price < 10000:  # Filter noise
                prices.append(price)
        return sorted(set(prices))

    def detect_price_drops(self, threshold_pct=5):
        """Detect significant price lançamentos de teste in history."""
        route_prices = {}
        for entry in self.history:
            key = f"{entry['route']}_{entry['date']}"
            if key not in route_prices:
                route_prices[key] = []
            if entry["min_price"]:
                route_prices[key].append(entry["min_price"])

        alerts = []
        for key, prices in route_prices.items():
            if len(prices) >= 2:
                prev = prices[-2]
                current = prices[-1]
                change_pct = ((current - prev) / prev) * 100
                if change_pct < -threshold_pct:
                    alerts.append({
                        "route": key,
                        "previous": prev,
                        "current": current,
                        "change": f"{change_pct:.1f}%",
                    })

        return alerts

    def export_report(self, filename="fare_report.json"):
        """Export fare history to JSON."""
        with open(filename, "w") as f:
            json.dump(self.history, f, indent=2)
        print(f"Exported {len(self.history)} fare checks to {filename}")


# Define routes to monitor
routes = [
    {
        "origin": "JFK",
        "destination": "LAX",
        "date": "2025-03-15",
        "url": "https://example-airline.com/flights?from=JFK&to=LAX&date=2025-03-15",
    },
    {
        "origin": "SFO",
        "destination": "ORD",
        "date": "2025-03-20",
        "url": "https://example-airline.com/flights?from=SFO&to=ORD&date=2025-03-20",
    },
]

monitor = FareMonitor()
results = monitor.check_fares(routes)
monitor.export_report()

Agendamento

# Check fares every 4 hours
0 */4 * * * cd /opt/fare-monitor && python fare_monitor.py

Análise de custos

Perguntas frequentes

Com que frequência devo verificar as tarifas?

A cada 4-6 horas para uso pessoal. A cada 1-2 horas para uso comercial. As companhias aéreas atualizam os preços em lotes, de modo que verificações mais frequentes geram retornos decrescentes.

Posso monitorar os preços dos hotéis também?

Sim. A mesma abordagem funciona para Booking.com, Expedia e sites diretos de hotéis. Ajuste os padrões de extração de preços para formatos de páginas de hotéis.

Como lidar com páginas de preços dinâmicos?

Alguns sites de viagens exigem renderização em JavaScript. Use Selenium ou Playwright para buscar a página e depois CaptchaAI para resolver CAPTCHA.

Guias Relacionados

• Monitoramento de preços de comércio eletrônico
• Raspar sem ficar bloqueado
• Rotação de proxy para raspagem de CAPTCHA